EGR cooling can be advantageous when higher ratio of EGR needs to be employed. EGR temperature is an important factor while admitting higher percentage of EGR. NOx formation predominantly depends on high combustion temperature & included EGR is attractive method to reduced combustion temperature so as to reduce NOx. Emission from naturally aspirated direct injection single cylinder four stroke diesel engine, prevailing & future emission norms compels engine manufactures to incorporate to reduced engine out emissions especially NOx & Particulates Matter (PM).

This project addresses the application of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) for reducing Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx). This project discusses the study of flow through orifice meter on EGR application in four stroke single cylinder CI engine. EGR system is a very effective technique for reducing NOx emission from a diesel engine, particularly at the high load of engine operation condition where the engine emits more NOx than at other conditions. In recent years, the direct injection diesel engine has undergone very significant improvements in terms of fuel economy and exhaust emissions. The emission constituents are carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbons (HC), Oxides of nitrogen (NOX), Carbon Dioxide (CO2). Methyl ester of Jatropha offers fuel conservation as well as reduces pollution. However, its diesel blends showed reasonable efficiencies, lower smoke, CO and CO2. For Jatropha biodiesel and its blended fuels, the exhaust gas temperature increased with increase in power and amount of biodiesel. The brake thermal efficiency for Bio diesel and its blends was found to be slightly higher than that of diesel fuel at tested load conditions and there are no difference between the biodiesel and its blended fuels efficiencies. It this experiment shows that B25 (25% Biodiesel & 75% Diesel) have closer performance to 100% Diesel and 100% Bio Diesel had lower brake thermal efficiency mainly due to its high viscosity compared to diesel. in transport, agriculture and other sectors with the idea of achieving the following goals. Several developed countries have introduced policies encouraging the use of bio diesels made from vegetable oils, bio mass etc. Most of the biodiesels meet the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) biodiesel standards. Chemically, it consists mostly of Fatty Acid Methyl (or Ethyl) Esters (FAME). Biodiesel is a liquid closely similar in properties to fossil/mineral diesel. Feedstock for biodiesel include animal fats, vegetable oils Jatropha, Mahua, Sunflower, Palm, Pongamia Pinnata (Karanja), Cotton seed, Neem, Rubber seed, Corn, Sesame, Cotton seed. It is produced from oils or fats using a process called transesterification, in which oils are reacted with alcohols in order to form the esters, which are called biodiesels. The only penalty for using preheated biodiesel is the increase of smoke (soot).īiodiesels have recently been recognized as a potential substitute to Diesel oil. Results also indicate improved performance with the application of preheated biodiesel. The experimental results show that the retarded injection timing is necessary when using Jatropha biodiesel in order to reduce NOx emission without worsening other engine characteristics. Keeping this in mind, the Jatropha biodiesel was preheated. These high NOx emissions are due to the presence of unsaturated fatty acids and the advanced injection caused by the higher bulk modulus (or density) of Jatropha biodiesel Furthermore, the possibility for reduction of NOx emissions without expensive engine modifications (hardware) was investigated. However, the NOx emission of Jatropha biodiesel is more than that of diesel fuel. From the results, it is observed that the biodiesel performance and emissions are lower than that of diesel fuel. The engine characteristics with Jatropha biodiesel were compared against those obtained using diesel fuel. The experiments were performed at different engine operating regimes with the injection timing prescribed by the engine manufacturer for diesel fuel. The aim of the present research work is to investigate the influence of Jatropha biodiesel properties on various characteristics of a direct injection compression ignition engine.

Valve and ignition timing diagram